Difference between revisions of "PHY543 spring 2023"

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==Learning Goals==
 
==Learning Goals==
 
Upon completion of this course, students are expected to understand the physics underlying RF superconductivity and its application to accelerators, as well as the advantages and limitations of SRF technology. The aim is to provide students with ideas and approaches that enable them to evaluate and solve problems related to the application of superconducting cavities to accelerators, as well actively participate in the development of SRF systems for various accelerators.
 
Upon completion of this course, students are expected to understand the physics underlying RF superconductivity and its application to accelerators, as well as the advantages and limitations of SRF technology. The aim is to provide students with ideas and approaches that enable them to evaluate and solve problems related to the application of superconducting cavities to accelerators, as well actively participate in the development of SRF systems for various accelerators.
 
  
 
==Main Texts and ''suggested materials''==
 
==Main Texts and ''suggested materials''==
Line 58: Line 57:
  
 
== Lecture Notes==
 
== Lecture Notes==
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_M5AsSUmmzbmPgYp-vaOQhjFNanrnRuq/view?usp=sharing Lecture 1: Introduction]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 1: Introduction]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VTW5WCmpnWl-UJYMrn0fnKxon3I8dUPo/view?usp=sharing Lecture 2: Brief survey of particle accelerators]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 2: Brief survey of particle accelerators]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1qCDCBse3dFMw2n_AYMjrLQELenX7ZmcB/view?usp=sharing Lecture 3: RF fundamentals, part 1]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 3: RF fundamentals, part 1]''', by Dr. Verdu Andres
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1PFmygqe5yCTFTpEC_WvlSZTr1U-nH9lX/view?usp=sharing Lecture 4: RF fundamentals, part 2]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 4: RF fundamentals, part 2]''', by Dr. Verdu Andres
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/19ibWffhvCGyYGibC9y3pmy1ilt5XUeOw/view?usp=sharing Lecture 5: SRF fundamentals, part 1]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 5: SRF fundamentals, part 1]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uyFtIjQbV4mXtdXqenqbHSvYM4I6Ym7l/view?usp=sharing Lecture 6: SRF fundamentals, part 2]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 6: SRF fundamentals, part 2]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hSQJky7Yli78zHH32mmEVZV43u0Xi4OZ/view?usp=sharing Lecture 7: Cavity performance frontier]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 7: Cavity performance frontier, part 1]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WrP3o1ns3jPrRq6LNYyxH5OhyTv7XQ7e/view?usp=sharing Lecture 8: Related phenomena]''', by Dr. Petrushina
+
*'''[ Lecture 8: Cavity performance frontier, part 2]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jXC80O2wtZL-0EKcq9fn__OAE9ePntiZ/view?usp=sharing Lecture 9: SRF system requirements]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 9: SRF system requirements]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1GOj2Pslbyjzm1NC9oKKrAa7MrWWHOthx/view?usp=sharing Lecture 10: Beam-cavity interactions]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 10: Related phenomena]''', by Dr. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uVNkQ5lqU-e8rBVmckOhDQXBI48HMX1c/view?usp=sharing Lecture 11-12: Systems engineering, parts 1 and 2]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 11: Beam-cavity interactions]''', by Dr. Verdu Andres
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1522gXKvOzjGBb2SB57taDMkTlPtWqN9N/view?usp=sharing Lecture 13: Cavity design]''', by Dr. Petrushina
+
*'''[ Lecture 12-13: Systems engineering, parts 1 and 2]''', by Prof. belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1K6-7wWztHPPWYHLaNO4dM1ft0FLjOpVU/view?usp=sharing Lecture 14: Cryomodule design]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 14: Cavity design]''', by Prof.. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rZ3tYyObDMGl_bdL88yPmpxVXG4vBRFu/view?usp=sharing Lecture 15: Fundamental power couplers]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 15: Fundamental power couplers]''', by Prof. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AfusxU7cac86byrO5BZ8QRV_SC-rsrQd/view?usp=sharing Lecture 16: HOM dampers]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 16: HOM dampers]''', by Prof. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1HArNGaxD7PIAvKKva_VFGGhbaRC4cTXY/view?usp=sharing Lecture 17: Cavity frequency tuners]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 17: Cavity frequency tuners]''', by Prof. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1sJpLOplUnCvXEU7j_JT-IE2Pf2A2-xUz/view?usp=sharing Lecture 18: Cavity fabrication and processing]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 18: Cavities for low- and medium-beta accelerators]''', by Prof. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Iw3yDB4opOOTmf_UpXv2mJnIaAnT1CU0/view?usp=sharing Lecture 19: SRF cavity testing and instrumentation]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 19: Cryomodule design]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Gbx_OyATBmc_IZ0P_dXacgpwusByhNjd/view?usp=sharing Lecture 20: High power RF sources]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 20: Case study: Deflecting.crab cavities]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Yt6dW8Uzw-8c59VmM8HWysd4G3DrrFK0/view?usp=sharing Lecture 21: Case study: LCLS-II]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 21: Case study: SRF guns]''', by Prof. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1dpSP2hqNHlQqVPtvX9k262RQUwzc7CJ6/view?usp=sharing Lecture 22-23: Refrigerationand cryogenics. Low temperature material properties and heat transfer]''', by Mr. Klebaner
+
*'''[ Lecture 22: Cavity fabrication and processing]''', by Prof. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1SH7KN21FegoyeSmV9alSiGMwz8ASsrsm/view?usp=sharing Lecture 24: SRF in quantum regime]''', by Dr. Posen
+
*'''[ Lecture 23: SRF cavity testing and instrumentation]''', by Prof. Petrushina
*'''[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZHFa5OJVu9uu2_vojddPYQk7mlyJfTVg/view?usp=sharing Lecture 25: Overview of remaining SRF challenges]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
+
*'''[ Lecture 24: High power RF systems]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
 +
*'''[ Lecture 25-26: Refrigerationand cryogenics. Low temperature material properties and heat transfer]''', by Mr. Klebaner
 +
*'''[ Lecture 27: Case study: LCLS-II]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
 +
*'''[ Lecture 28: SRF in quantum regime]''', by Dr. Posen
 +
*'''[ Lecture 29: Overview of remaining SRF challenges]''', by Prof. Belomestnykh
  
 
== Homeworks==
 
== Homeworks==
  
*'''[[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1LLJWMfL7uC2EuihqXfh912jW8p3i_hiu/view?usp=sharing HW1]] Due February 22
+
*'''[[ HW1]] Due February 6
*'''[[https://drive.google.com/file/d/10WF2KbS2HeFE-hwAATwczYx-7SV6oX1z/view?usp=sharingf HW2]] Due March 8
+
*'''[[ HW2]] Due February 27
*'''[[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_LL_9JB-gtlsPN_HVmmBDUsRMDC06n8f/view?usp=sharing HW3]] Due March 29
+
*'''[[ HW3]] Due March 27
*'''[[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rB200cwHsJcKCKdYghcWh20iEsLI_Ayf/view?usp=sharing HW4]] Due April 19
+
*'''[[ HW4]] Due April 17
  
 
Homework review sessions
 
Homework review sessions
*'''Session 1, March 1'''
+
*'''Session 1, February 13'''
*'''Session 2, March 15'''
+
*'''Session 2, March 6'''
*'''Session 3, April 5'''
+
*'''Session 3, April 3'''
*'''Session 4, April 26'''
+
*'''Session 4, April 24'''
  
  
'''[[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wL4wGlEXxAm-dk6zhvv2qDJflgMKzbsm/view?usp=sharing Final Exam]] due May 10'''
+
'''[[ Final Exam]] due May 10'''

Latest revision as of 21:48, 9 January 2023

Class meet time and dates Instructors
  • When: M, 6:05 pm - 9:00pm
  • Where: The course is taught remotely via Zoom. A Zoom meeting link was sent to registered students via email before the first lecture.

  • Prof. Sergey Belomestnykh
  • Prof. Irina Petrushina
  • Dr. Silvia Verdu Andres


Course Overview

This graduate level course covers application of radio frequency (RF) superconductivity to contemporary particle accelerators: particle colliders, storage rings for X-ray production, pulsed and CW linear accelerators (linacs), energy recovery linacs (ERLs), etc. The course will address both physics and engineering aspects of the field. It will cover fundamentals of RF superconductivity, types of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) accelerating structures, performance-limiting phenomena, beam-cavity interaction issues specific to superconducting cavities, approaches to designing SRF systems and engineering of superconducting cavity cryomodules. The course is intended for students interested in accelerator physics and technology who want to learn about application of RF superconductivity to particle accelerators.


Course Content

The course will include a brief introduction of the basic concepts of microwave cavities and fundamental concepts of RF superconductivity. Then it will cover the beam-cavity interaction issues in accelerators: wake fields and higher-order modes (HOMs) in superconducting structures, associated bunched beam instabilities and approaches to deal with these instabilities (HOM absorbers and couplers, cavity geometry optimization, …), bunch length manipulation with SRF cavities, beam loading effects, etc. Following that we will discuss a systems approach and its application to SRF systems for accelerators. We discuss the ways in which the superconducting material, and in particular the surface, can be modified to improve quality factor and accelerating gradient. Finally, we will address issues related to engineering of the SRF system components: cryostats, cavities, input couplers, HOM loads, and frequency tuners.

Learning Goals

Upon completion of this course, students are expected to understand the physics underlying RF superconductivity and its application to accelerators, as well as the advantages and limitations of SRF technology. The aim is to provide students with ideas and approaches that enable them to evaluate and solve problems related to the application of superconducting cavities to accelerators, as well actively participate in the development of SRF systems for various accelerators.

Main Texts and suggested materials

While all necessary material will be provided during lectures, we recommend the following textbook for in-depth study of the subject:

  • RF Superconductivity for Accelerators, by H. Padamsee, J. Knobloch, and T. Hays, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd edition (2008).

Other Reading Recommendations It is recommended that students re-familiarize themselves with the fundamentals of electrodynamics at the level of

  • Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics (Chapters 1 through 11) by S. Ramo, J. R. Whinnery, and T. Van Duzer, John Wiley & Sons, 3rd edition (1994)
  • Classical Electrodynamics (Chapters 1 through 8) by J. D. Jackson, John Wiley & Sons, 3rd edition (1999)

or other similar textbooks. Additional reference books:

  • Handbook of Accelerator Physics and Engineering, edited by A. W. Chao, K. H. Mess, M. Tigner, and F. Zimmermann, World Scientific, 2nd Edition (2013)
  • RF Superconductivity: Science, Technology, and Applications, by H. Padamsee, Wiley-VCH (2009)

Online resources:

  • The Physics of Electron Storage Rings: An Introduction, by M. Sands
  • Microwave Theory and Applications, by S. F. Adam
  • High Energy Electron Linacs: Applications to Storage Ring RF Systems and Linear Colliders, by Perry B. Wilson


Grades

Students will be evaluated based on the following performance criteria: final exam (50%), homework assignments and class participation (50%). Credits earned upon successful completion of this course can be applied toward receiving a Certificate in Accelerator Science and Engineering under the Ernest Courant Traineeship in Accelerator Science & Engineering.


Lecture Notes

  • [ Lecture 1: Introduction], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 2: Brief survey of particle accelerators], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 3: RF fundamentals, part 1], by Dr. Verdu Andres
  • [ Lecture 4: RF fundamentals, part 2], by Dr. Verdu Andres
  • [ Lecture 5: SRF fundamentals, part 1], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 6: SRF fundamentals, part 2], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 7: Cavity performance frontier, part 1], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 8: Cavity performance frontier, part 2], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 9: SRF system requirements], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 10: Related phenomena], by Dr. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 11: Beam-cavity interactions], by Dr. Verdu Andres
  • [ Lecture 12-13: Systems engineering, parts 1 and 2], by Prof. belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 14: Cavity design], by Prof.. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 15: Fundamental power couplers], by Prof. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 16: HOM dampers], by Prof. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 17: Cavity frequency tuners], by Prof. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 18: Cavities for low- and medium-beta accelerators], by Prof. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 19: Cryomodule design], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 20: Case study: Deflecting.crab cavities], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 21: Case study: SRF guns], by Prof. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 22: Cavity fabrication and processing], by Prof. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 23: SRF cavity testing and instrumentation], by Prof. Petrushina
  • [ Lecture 24: High power RF systems], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 25-26: Refrigerationand cryogenics. Low temperature material properties and heat transfer], by Mr. Klebaner
  • [ Lecture 27: Case study: LCLS-II], by Prof. Belomestnykh
  • [ Lecture 28: SRF in quantum regime], by Dr. Posen
  • [ Lecture 29: Overview of remaining SRF challenges], by Prof. Belomestnykh

Homeworks

Homework review sessions

  • Session 1, February 13
  • Session 2, March 6
  • Session 3, April 3
  • Session 4, April 24


Final Exam due May 10